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Global Development: Views from the Center

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April 05, 2007

The End of a Golden Age of Aid Enthusiasm?

Posted by Nancy Birdsall at 06:18 PM

Alan Beattie's report in the Financial Times that aid to Africa has stalled despite the pledges made at the 2005 G8 summit in Gleneagles makes me wonder: will the aid community look back on the years 2001-2005 as a Golden Age of Aid Enthusiasm that was rapidly overtaken by reality?

The years 2001-2005 were marked by the reaction to 9/11 (we must drain the terror swamp), the Big Push of Jeff Sachs as intellectual leader of the UN-inspired Millennium Development Goals movement; the sympathetic response of the faith-based community to the AIDS pandemic and to the challenge of ending global poverty in general; the invention by President Bush of the Millennium Challenge Account (see also CGD's MCA Monitor) and PEPFAR (see also our HIV/AIDS Monitor ); the creation of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and Malaria (see also Challenges and Opportunities for the New Executive Director of the Global Fund; the founding and instant influence of the Gates Foundation; the entry of the new philanthropists including Google.org and Omidyar.net; Tony Blair's Commission on Africa; Gordon Brown's promise that the UK would commit billions to education; President Chirac's initiative for an aviation tax to finance the fight against poverty; the MDRI (Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative) for 100 percent (and not just 90 percent) relief. . . and . . no doubt I have not remembered everything.

The seeds of the Golden Age were planted by the Jubilee movement's successful push for debt reduction for the poorest countries, of which the MDRI might later be seen as the final flowering.

Does the evidence that aid to Africa is not rising anymore signal the beginning of the end of the Golden Age? If so, why? Concern about aid effectiveness (an "Easterly" effect)?; lack of good "results" except in health? (see Millions Saved); antibodies to the Big Push and rising nervousness about exposure as 2015 deadline for achieving the MDGs looms closer (an unintended "Sachs" effect)?; aging and fiscal worries in donor countries?; the distraction of the war in Iraq and nuclear capability in Iran and North Korea?

Are we really at the end of a Golden Age of Aid Enthusiasm? If so, why? And what would that mean for development? What do you think?

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Comments

I hope we are at the end of an era of irrational exhuberance about aid. As so often happens the enthusiasm for aid over the past few years represents the pendulum swinging back too far. Yes, more aid is needed, but that doesn't mean that big pushes will work or that buying red ipods will save the world. How the aid is delivered is more important than how much is delivered. Aid flows have to stop being pushed in a top-down fashion. In spite of the good talk about country ownership, vertical programs are setting country agendas.

Posted by: Jeffrey Barnes at April 10, 2007 01:35 PM

Ordinary people and especially religious and political leaders(??) are unable to sustain enthusiam for things of conscience. They all sink back into their old ways. The ordinary people have so many things going on in their lives that things of conscience slip silently on to the backburner. While politicians seem to be able to be swayed by whats good for the economy and what can I give to my constituents in order that my comfortable life and sense of power and ego can continue. Religious leaders are sadly more interested in the wearing of impressive regalia to impress their flock, although the person they hold as their reason for existence never ever wore such finery.
The world is in need of a spiritual awakening and
I dont mean the going incessantly to a Church or a Mosque or a Synagogue or a Temple or Whatever. I mean proper devotion to combatting the injustices which abound in our world. The great spiritual leaders of our past moved amongst the people and told the people how they should live their lives and how they should interact with others.
Remember the little man in the loincloth his name was M K Gandhi and he was given the title Mahatma (great soul)
The Aid the poor people need is employment which can give them a dignity so that they can afford to let their children get an education. Hand outs of money by people or governments which in the short term only gives the giver a one off stay of
conscience, it is not permanent.
Help to people suffering from 4th and 5th and 6th world conditions needs to be in the form of EMPLOYMENT and from that will come dignity both to the Receiver and the Giver. M K Gandhi called it Swadeshi which means UPLIFT of the POOR.

Sincerely

Garvin Brown
Mahatma Gandhi Awareness
garvin@onthenet.com.au

Posted by: Garvin Brown at April 10, 2007 04:31 PM

I think part of the answer to the question you raised is there in your post. 'The years 2001-2005 were marked by the reaction to 9/11'. All those initiatives you mentioned were, at least partly, a reaction to the securitisation of unstable areas of the world. So what we are witnessing is not an ebb and flow of humanitarian interest really. It's an ebb and flow of security interests. Just like back in the Cold War aid wasn't only about humanitarian interests (not at all). Over at http://statefailure.blogspot.com I'm regularly writing about 'negative spill-over effects' - a key to my conceptualisation of state failure. One of the most brutal such spillovers one can think of is obviously a jet airliner crashing into a skyscraper in a metropolis piloted by a bunch of people trained in some 'stan far away. So as a result of terrorism the problem of weak states became strongly securitised - see e.g. the oft-cited volume by Rotberg et al., 'State Failure and State Weakness in a Time of Terror' - the title speaks volumes, doesn't it? Now, migration, the drugs trade as well as potential global epidemics are also securitised in connection with weak states. However, nothing captures public attention as much as the chance of a terror attack. What happened over the years 2001-2005 was that the world got used to terrorism in areas far from the centre, as well as, to a degree, even to relatively small and rather infrequent attacks in the centre of the world economy (e.g. in Western Europe). So interest has waned, and with it the aid enthusiasm has waned as well. Many people have also realised that aid in general will not as directly reduce the threat of terror attacks as aid enthusiasts tended to suggest after 9-11. That's my take. What do you say?

Posted by: Péter Marton at April 21, 2007 05:06 AM

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